2021 Q4 Form 10-K Financial Statement

#000112019322000007 Filed on February 23, 2022

View on sec.gov

Income Statement

Concept 2021 Q4 2021 2020 Q4
Revenue $1.467B $5.886B $1.462B
YoY Change 0.34% 4.64% 37.28%
Cost Of Revenue $581.0M $2.466B $674.0M
YoY Change -13.8% -9.4% 60.86%
Gross Profit $886.0M $3.420B $788.0M
YoY Change 12.44% 17.81% 21.98%
Gross Profit Margin 60.4% 58.1% 53.9%
Selling, General & Admin $444.0M $1.550B $384.0M
YoY Change 15.63% 14.81% 18.15%
% of Gross Profit 50.11% 45.32% 48.73%
Research & Development $186.0M
YoY Change 23.18%
% of Gross Profit 5.44%
Depreciation & Amortization $81.00M $108.0M $53.00M
YoY Change 52.83% 9.09% 12.77%
% of Gross Profit 9.14% 3.16% 6.73%
Operating Expenses $525.0M $1.979B $437.0M
YoY Change 20.14% 18.57% 17.47%
Operating Profit $361.0M $1.441B $351.0M
YoY Change 2.85% 16.77% 28.1%
Interest Expense -$30.00M $125.0M -$49.00M
YoY Change -38.78% 23.76% 716.67%
% of Operating Profit -8.31% 8.67% -13.96%
Other Income/Expense, Net $81.00M -$2.000M
YoY Change -1450.0% 0.0%
Pretax Income $314.0M $1.534B $267.0M
YoY Change 17.6% 26.57% 5.95%
Income Tax $55.00M $347.0M $42.00M
% Of Pretax Income 17.52% 22.62% 15.73%
Net Earnings $259.0M $1.187B $225.0M
YoY Change 15.11% 27.22% 10.84%
Net Earnings / Revenue 17.66% 20.17% 15.39%
Basic Earnings Per Share $7.15
Diluted Earnings Per Share $1.526M $7.05 $1.345M
COMMON SHARES
Basic Shares Outstanding 167.2M shares 165.9M shares 164.0M shares
Diluted Shares Outstanding 168.4M shares

Balance Sheet

Concept 2021 Q4 2021 2020 Q4
SHORT-TERM ASSETS
Cash & Short-Term Investments $601.0M $601.0M $2.940B
YoY Change -79.56% -79.56% 371.91%
Cash & Equivalents $393.0M $393.0M $2.745B
Short-Term Investments $208.0M $208.0M $195.0M
Other Short-Term Assets $294.0M $6.234B $175.0M
YoY Change 68.0% 50.07% -20.09%
Inventory
Prepaid Expenses
Receivables $588.0M $588.0M $566.0M
Other Receivables $0.00 $0.00 $0.00
Total Short-Term Assets $7.423B $7.423B $7.660B
YoY Change -3.09% -3.09% 78.55%
LONG-TERM ASSETS
Property, Plant & Equipment $509.0M $875.0M $475.0M
YoY Change 7.16% 2.22% 23.7%
Goodwill $8.433B $6.850B
YoY Change 23.11% 7.6%
Intangibles $2.813B $2.255B
YoY Change 24.75% 0.27%
Long-Term Investments $363.0M $430.0M $216.0M
YoY Change 68.06% 55.8% 38.46%
Other Assets $571.0M $141.0M $358.0M
YoY Change 59.5% 71.95% 23.88%
Total Long-Term Assets $12.69B $12.69B $10.32B
YoY Change 23.0% 23.0% 7.11%
TOTAL ASSETS
Total Short-Term Assets $7.423B $7.423B $7.660B
Total Long-Term Assets $12.69B $12.69B $10.32B
Total Assets $20.12B $20.12B $17.98B
YoY Change 11.88% 11.88% 29.12%
SHORT-TERM LIABILITIES
YoY Change
Accounts Payable $62.00M $62.00M $224.0M
YoY Change -72.32% -72.32% 69.7%
Accrued Expenses $289.0M $289.0M $273.0M
YoY Change 5.86% 5.86% 9.64%
Deferred Revenue $329.0M $235.0M
YoY Change 40.0% 11.37%
Short-Term Debt $1.517B $1.018B $597.0M
YoY Change 154.1% 53.47%
Long-Term Debt Due $1.018B $598.0M
YoY Change
Total Short-Term Liabilities $7.872B $7.872B $4.924B
YoY Change 59.87% 59.87% 16.49%
LONG-TERM LIABILITIES
Long-Term Debt $4.812B $4.812B $5.541B
YoY Change -13.16% -13.16% 84.95%
Other Long-Term Liabilities $234.0M $620.0M $187.0M
YoY Change 25.13% 7.64% 4.47%
Total Long-Term Liabilities $5.046B $5.432B $5.728B
YoY Change -11.91% -11.2% 80.41%
TOTAL LIABILITIES
Total Short-Term Liabilities $7.872B $7.872B $4.924B
Total Long-Term Liabilities $5.046B $5.432B $5.728B
Total Liabilities $13.71B $13.72B $11.54B
YoY Change 18.77% 18.83% 39.32%
SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY
Retained Earnings $6.465B $5.628B
YoY Change 14.87% 11.96%
Common Stock $2.000M $2.000M
YoY Change 0.0% 0.0%
Preferred Stock
YoY Change
Treasury Stock (at cost) $437.0M $376.0M
YoY Change 16.22% 11.9%
Treasury Stock Shares 6.739M shares 6.345M shares
Shareholders Equity $6.395B $6.395B $6.433B
YoY Change
Total Liabilities & Shareholders Equity $20.12B $20.12B $17.98B
YoY Change 11.88% 11.88% 29.12%

Cashflow Statement

Concept 2021 Q4 2021 2020 Q4
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net Income $259.0M $1.187B $225.0M
YoY Change 15.11% 27.22% 10.84%
Depreciation, Depletion And Amortization $81.00M $108.0M $53.00M
YoY Change 52.83% 9.09% 12.77%
Cash From Operating Activities $384.0M $1.083B $435.0M
YoY Change -11.72% -13.5% 28.32%
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Capital Expenditures -$50.00M $163.0M -$60.00M
YoY Change -16.67% -13.3% 53.85%
Acquisitions $2.430B
YoY Change 1447.77%
Other Investing Activities -$163.0M $87.00M -$14.00M
YoY Change 1064.29% 222.22% -80.0%
Cash From Investing Activities -$213.0M -$2.653B -$74.00M
YoY Change 187.84% 2074.59% -32.11%
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Cash Dividend Paid $350.0M
YoY Change 9.38%
Common Stock Issuance & Retirement, Net
YoY Change
Debt Paid & Issued, Net $804.0M
YoY Change -45.23%
Cash From Financing Activities 2.119B $1.418B 1.791B
YoY Change 18.31% -25.76% -961.06%
NET CHANGE
Cash From Operating Activities 384.0M $1.083B 435.0M
Cash From Investing Activities -213.0M -$2.653B -74.00M
Cash From Financing Activities 2.119B $1.418B 1.791B
Net Change In Cash 2.290B -$483.0M 2.152B
YoY Change 6.41% -114.24% 9681.82%
FREE CASH FLOW
Cash From Operating Activities $384.0M $1.083B $435.0M
Capital Expenditures -$50.00M $163.0M -$60.00M
Free Cash Flow $434.0M $920.0M $495.0M
YoY Change -12.32% -13.53% 30.95%

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ORGANIZATION AND NATURE OF OPERATIONS<div style="margin-top:5pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">Nasdaq is a global technology company serving the capital markets and other industries. Our diverse offerings of data, analytics, software and services enable clients to optimize and execute their business vision with confidence.</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">We manage, operate and provide our products and services in four business segments: Market Technology, Investment Intelligence, Corporate Platforms, and Market Services. </span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">For further discussion of our businesses, see “Products and Services,” of “Item 1. Business.”</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:700;line-height:120%">Market Technology </span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">Our Market Technology segment is a leading global technology solutions provider and partner to exchanges, clearing organizations, central securities depositories, regulators, banks, brokers, buy-side firms and corporate businesses. Our solutions are utilized by leading markets in the U.S., Europe and Asia as well as emerging markets in the Middle East, Latin America, and Africa. The Market Technology segment includes our Anti Financial Crime Technology business and our Marketplace Infrastructure Technology business.</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">Our Anti Financial Crime Technology business includes Nasdaq Trade Surveillance, a SaaS solution designed for brokers and other market participants to assist them in complying with market rules, regulations and internal market surveillance policies. The Nasdaq Automated Investigator is our cloud-deployed anti-money laundering offering with an automated investigator tool for retail banks. In February 2021, we completed the acquisition of Verafin, a SaaS technology provider of anti-financial crime management solutions that offers a cloud-based platform to help detect, investigate, and report money laundering and financial fraud. See “2021 Acquisition,” of Note 4, “Acquisitions and Divestiture,” for further discussion.</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">Our Marketplace Infrastructure Technology business powers over 130 market infrastructure operators and new market clients in more than 55 countries and handles a wide array of assets, including but not limited to cash equities, equity derivatives, currencies, various interest-bearing securities, commodities, energy products and digital currencies. Our solutions can also be used in the creation of new asset classes, and non-capital markets customers, including those in insurance liabilities securitization, cryptocurrencies and sports wagering.</span></div><div style="text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:700;line-height:120%">Investment Intelligence</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">Our Investment Intelligence segment includes our Market Data, Index and Analytics businesses.</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">Our Market Data business sells and distributes historical and real-time market data to the sell-side, the institutional investing community, retail online brokers, proprietary trading shops, other venues, internet portals and data distributors. Our market data products can enhance transparency of market activity within our exchanges and provide critical information to professional and non-professional investors globally. Additionally, our Nasdaq Cloud Data Service provided on our Data Link data dissemination platform provides a flexible and efficient method of delivery for real- time exchange data and other financial information.</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">Our Index business develops and licenses Nasdaq-branded indexes and financial products. We also license cash-settled options, futures and options on futures on our indexes. As of December 31, 2021, 362 ETPs listed on 25 exchanges in over 20 countries tracked a Nasdaq index and accounted for $424 billion in AUM.</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">Our Analytics business provides asset managers, investment consultants and institutional asset owners with investment insights and workflow solutions. The eVestment platform provides asset owners and allocators with analytics to make data-driven investment decisions, enables asset managers to position institutional products worldwide and provides liquidity solutions for private funds. Together with Solovis, a cloud-based multi-asset portfolio management provider, we offer a suite of cloud-based solutions that help institutional investors and consultants conduct pre-investment due diligence, and monitor their portfolios post-investment. During 2021, we launched Data Fabric, a managed data solution utilizing our Nasdaq Data Link to help investment management firms scale their data infrastructure with enhanced quality, governance and integrity.</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:700;line-height:120%">Corporate Platforms</span></div><div style="margin-top:5pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">Our Corporate Platforms segment includes our Listing Services and IR &amp; ESG Services businesses. These businesses deliver critical capital market and ESG solutions across the lifecycle of public and private companies.</span></div><div style="margin-top:5pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">Our Listing Services business includes our U.S. and European Listing Services businesses. We operate a variety of listing platforms around the world to provide multiple global capital raising solutions for public companies. Our main listing markets are The Nasdaq Stock Market and the Nasdaq Nordic and Nasdaq Baltic exchanges. Through Nasdaq First North, our Nordic and Baltic operations also offer alternative marketplaces for smaller companies and growth companies. In July 2021, we contributed our NPM business, which was included in our Listing Services business, to a standalone, independent company, of which we </span></div><div style="margin-top:5pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">own the largest minority interest, together with a consortium of third party financial institutions. The NPM business provides liquidity solutions for private companies to enable employees, investors, and companies to execute transactions.</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">As of December 31, 2021, there were 4,178 total listings on The Nasdaq Stock Market, including 441 ETPs. The combined market capitalization was approximately $28.2 trillion. In Europe, the Nasdaq Nordic and Nasdaq Baltic exchanges, together with Nasdaq First North, were home to 1,235 listed companies with a combined market capitalization of approximately $2.6 trillion.</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">We continue to grow our U.S. Corporate Bond exchange for the listing of corporate bonds. This exchange operates pursuant to The Nasdaq Stock Market exchange license and is powered by the NFF. As of December 31, 2021, 107 corporate bonds were listed on the Corporate Bond exchange. We also continue to develop the Nasdaq Sustainable Bond Network, a platform for increased transparency in the global sustainable bond markets.</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">Our IR &amp; ESG Services business includes our Investor Relations Intelligence and Governance Solutions businesses, which serve both public and private companies and organizations. Our public company clients can be companies listed on our exchanges or other U.S. and global exchanges. Our private company clients include a diverse group of organizations ranging from family owned companies, government organizations, law firms, privately held entities, various non-profit organizations to hospitals and health care systems. We help organizations enhance their ability to understand and expand their global shareholder base, improve corporate governance, and navigate the evolving ESG landscape through our suite of advanced technology, analytics, reporting and consultative services. In December 2021, we acquired QDiligence, a provider of software that facilitates digital director and officer questionnaires and self-evaluations for boards of directors and corporate secretaries. </span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:700;line-height:120%">Market Services</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">Our Market Services segment includes our Equity Derivative Trading and Clearing, Cash Equity Trading, FICC and Trade Management Services businesses. We operate multiple exchanges and other marketplace facilities across several asset classes, including derivatives, commodities, cash equity, debt, structured products and ETPs. In addition, in certain countries where we operate exchanges, we also provide broker services, clearing, settlement and central depository services. In January 2020, we commenced an orderly wind-down of our Nordic broker services operations business. We expect this wind-down to continue through the second quarter of 2022. In June 2021, we sold our U.S. Fixed Income business which included an electronic platform for trading of U.S. Treasuries. See “2021 Divestiture,” of Note 4, “Acquisitions and Divestiture,” for further discussion. Also in June 2021, we completed the acquisition of a majority stake in Puro.earth, a Finnish-based leading marketplace for carbon removal.</span></div>Our transaction-based platforms provide market participants with the ability to access, process, display and integrate orders and quotes. The platforms allow the routing and execution of buy and sell orders as well as the reporting of transactions, providing fee-based revenues.
CY2021 us-gaap Number Of Operating Segments
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4 segment
CY2021Q4 ndaq Number Of Corporate Bonds Listed
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CY2021 us-gaap Prior Period Reclassification Adjustment Description
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<div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation.</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">During the fourth quarter of 2021, we adjusted the presentation of cash and cash equivalents held within default funds and margin deposits on the consolidated statement of cash flows from operating activities, to present them as restricted cash and cash equivalents with the associated changes being included within cash flows from investing and financing activities. These balances cannot be used to satisfy the Company's operating or other liabilities. See Note 15, “Clearing Operations,” for further discussion of the default funds and margin deposits. </span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">Prior period amounts have also been adjusted to conform to current period presentation. This immaterial adjustment had no impact on our previously reported consolidated balance sheets, consolidated statements of income, or consolidated statements of comprehensive income.</span></div>
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CY2020 us-gaap Net Cash Provided By Used In Financing Activities
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CY2020Q4 us-gaap Cash Cash Equivalents Restricted Cash And Restricted Cash Equivalents
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CY2019 us-gaap Net Cash Provided By Used In Operating Activities
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CY2019 us-gaap Net Cash Provided By Used In Financing Activities
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CY2019Q4 us-gaap Cash Cash Equivalents Restricted Cash And Restricted Cash Equivalents
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<div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:700;line-height:120%">Use of Estimates</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">In preparing our consolidated financial statements, we make assumptions, judgments and estimates that can have a significant impact on our revenue, operating income and net income, as well as on the value of certain assets and liabilities in our consolidated balance sheets. At least quarterly, we evaluate our assumptions, judgments and estimates, and make changes as deemed necessary.</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">Nasdaq has considered the impact of COVID-19 on the assumptions and estimates used in evaluating our assets and liabilities, including but not limited to our goodwill, intangible assets, equity method investments, equity securities and allowance for losses on accounts receivable. We determined that there was no material adverse impact on our results of operations and financial position for the year ended December 31, 2021. These estimates may change as new events occur and additional information is obtained. Actual results could differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.</span></div>
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CY2021 us-gaap Equity Securities Without Readily Determinable Fair Value Impairment Loss Annual Amount
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CY2019 us-gaap Equity Securities Without Readily Determinable Fair Value Impairment Loss Annual Amount
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CY2019 us-gaap Equity Securities Without Readily Determinable Fair Value Impairment Loss Annual Amount
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CY2021 us-gaap Equity Securities Without Readily Determinable Fair Value Impairment Loss Annual Amount
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CY2020 us-gaap Equity Securities Without Readily Determinable Fair Value Impairment Loss Annual Amount
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CY2021 us-gaap Impairment Of Intangible Assets Indefinitelived Excluding Goodwill
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CY2019 us-gaap Impairment Of Intangible Assets Indefinitelived Excluding Goodwill
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CY2020 us-gaap Impairment Of Intangible Assets Indefinitelived Excluding Goodwill
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CY2020Q4 us-gaap Goodwill
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CY2021Q4 us-gaap Goodwill
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CY2021 us-gaap Goodwill Impairment Loss
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CY2019 us-gaap Goodwill Impairment Loss
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CY2021 us-gaap Impairment Of Intangible Assets Indefinitelived Excluding Goodwill
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CY2020 us-gaap Impairment Of Intangible Assets Indefinitelived Excluding Goodwill
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CY2020Q4 us-gaap Trading Securities Debt
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CLEARING OPERATIONS<div style="margin-top:6pt"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:700;line-height:120%">Nasdaq</span><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%"> </span><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:700;line-height:120%">Clearing</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">Nasdaq Clearing is authorized and supervised under EMIR as a multi-asset clearinghouse by the SFSA. Such authorization is effective for all member states of the European Union and certain other non-member states that are part of the European Economic Area, including Norway. The clearinghouse acts as the CCP for exchange and OTC trades in equity derivatives, fixed income derivatives, resale and repurchase contracts, power derivatives, emission allowance derivatives, and seafood derivatives. </span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">Through our clearing operations in the financial markets, which include the resale and repurchase market, the commodities markets, and the seafood market, Nasdaq Clearing is the legal counterparty for, and guarantees the fulfillment of, each contract cleared. These contracts are not used by Nasdaq Clearing for the purpose of trading on its own behalf. As the legal counterparty of each transaction, Nasdaq Clearing bears the counterparty risk between the purchaser and seller in the contract. In its guarantor role, Nasdaq Clearing has precisely equal and offsetting claims to and from clearing members on opposite sides of each contract, standing as the CCP on every contract cleared. In accordance with the rules and regulations of Nasdaq Clearing, default fund and margin collateral requirements are calculated for each clearing member’s positions in accounts with the CCP. See “Default Fund Contributions and Margin Deposits” below for further discussion of Nasdaq Clearing’s default fund and margin requirements.</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">Nasdaq Clearing maintains three member sponsored default funds: one related to financial markets, one related to commodities markets and one related to the seafood market. Under this structure, Nasdaq Clearing and its clearing members must contribute to the total regulatory capital related to the clearing operations of Nasdaq Clearing. This structure applies an initial separation of default fund contributions for the financial, commodities and seafood markets in order to create a buffer for each market’s counterparty risks. As of September 1, 2021, the mutualized default fund has been eliminated and the default fund structure is fully segregated. See “Default Fund Contributions” below for further discussion of Nasdaq Clearing’s default fund. A power of assessment and a liability waterfall have also been implemented to further align risk between Nasdaq Clearing and its clearing members. See “Power of Assessment” and “Liability Waterfall” below for further discussion.</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:700;line-height:120%">Nasdaq Commodities Clearing Default </span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">In September 2018, a member of the Nasdaq Clearing commodities market defaulted due to the inability to post sufficient collateral to cover increased margin requirements for the positions of the relevant member, which had experienced losses due to sharp adverse movements in the Nordic - German power market spread. Nasdaq Clearing followed default procedures and offset the future market risk on the defaulting member’s positions. </span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">Immediately following the event, Nasdaq Clearing launched a comprehensive enhancement program to strengthen the resilience and robustness of the clearinghouse.</span></div><div style="display:inline-block;vertical-align:top;width:48.245%"><div style="text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">In December 2018, the SFSA initiated a review of Nasdaq Clearing. In January 2021, the SFSA issued a warning combined with an administrative fine of approximately $33 million (SEK 300 million) to Nasdaq Clearing based on its review. Nasdaq Clearing appealed the SFSA´s decision to the Administrative Court. In December 2021, the court rejected Nasdaq Clearing’s appeal and upheld the decision of the SFSA. In January 2022, Nasdaq Clearing appealed this decision to the Administrative Court of Appeal. While we continue to firmly believe in the merit of our appeal, due to the recent decision by the Administrative Court, we have determined it is appropriate to record an accrual for the full amount of the administrative fine issued by the SFSA. The charge is included in regulatory expense in our Consolidated Statements of Income for the year ended December 31, 2021. </span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:700;line-height:120%">Default Fund Contributions and Margin Deposits</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">As of December 31, 2021, clearing member default fund contributions and margin deposits were as follows:</span></div><div><table style="border-collapse:collapse;display:inline-table;margin-bottom:5pt;vertical-align:text-bottom;width:99.393%"><tr><td style="width:1.0%"/><td style="width:32.131%"/><td style="width:0.1%"/><td style="width:1.0%"/><td style="width:22.070%"/><td style="width:0.1%"/><td style="width:0.1%"/><td style="width:1.324%"/><td style="width:0.1%"/><td style="width:1.0%"/><td style="width:19.631%"/><td style="width:0.1%"/><td style="width:0.1%"/><td style="width:1.324%"/><td style="width:0.1%"/><td style="width:1.0%"/><td style="width:18.720%"/><td style="width:0.1%"/></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="padding:2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:12pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%"> </span></td><td colspan="15" style="padding:2px 1pt;text-align:center;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:7pt;font-weight:700;line-height:100%">December 31, 2021</span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="padding:2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:12pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%"> </span></td><td colspan="3" style="border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:2px 1pt;text-align:center;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:7pt;font-weight:700;line-height:100%">Cash Contributions</span></td><td colspan="3" style="border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:0 1pt"/><td colspan="3" style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:2px 1pt;text-align:center;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:7pt;font-weight:700;line-height:100%">Non-Cash Contributions</span></td><td colspan="3" style="border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:0 1pt"/><td colspan="3" style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:2px 1pt;text-align:center;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:7pt;font-weight:700;line-height:100%">Total Contributions</span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="padding:2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:12pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%"> </span></td><td colspan="15" style="border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:2px 1pt;text-align:center;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:7pt;font-weight:700;line-height:100%">(in millions)</span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><div style="padding-left:9pt;text-indent:-9pt"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">Default fund contributions</span></div></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">$</span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">771 </span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:0 1pt"/><td style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">$</span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">109 </span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:0 1pt"/><td style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">$</span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">880 </span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#ffffff;padding:2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">Margin deposits</span></td><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#ffffff;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">5,140 </span></td><td style="background-color:#ffffff;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#ffffff;padding:0 1pt"/><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#ffffff;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">6,614 </span></td><td style="background-color:#ffffff;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#ffffff;padding:0 1pt"/><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#ffffff;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">11,754 </span></td><td style="background-color:#ffffff;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">Total</span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;border-bottom:3pt double #000000;border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">$</span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;border-bottom:3pt double #000000;border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">5,911 </span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;border-bottom:3pt double #000000;border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:0 1pt"/><td style="background-color:#cceeff;border-bottom:3pt double #000000;border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">$</span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;border-bottom:3pt double #000000;border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">6,723 </span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;border-bottom:3pt double #000000;border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:0 1pt"/><td style="background-color:#cceeff;border-bottom:3pt double #000000;border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">$</span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;border-bottom:3pt double #000000;border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">12,634 </span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;border-bottom:3pt double #000000;border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/></tr></table></div><div style="margin-top:9pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">Of the total default fund contributions of $880 million, Nasdaq Clearing can utilize $804 million as capital resources in the event of a counterparty default. The remaining balance of $76 million pertains to member posted surplus balances.</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">Our clearinghouse holds material amounts of clearing member cash deposits which are held or invested primarily to provide security of capital while minimizing credit, market and liquidity risks. While we seek to achieve a reasonable rate of return, we are primarily concerned with preservation of capital and managing the risks associated with these deposits. </span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">Clearing member cash contributions are maintained in demand deposits held at central banks and large, highly rated financial institutions or secured through direct investments, primarily central bank certificates and highly rated European government debt securities with original maturities primarily 1 year or less, reverse repurchase agreements and multilateral development bank debt securities. Investments in reverse repurchase agreements range in maturity from 4 days to 14 days and are secured with highly rated government securities. The carrying value of these securities approximates their fair value due to the short-term nature of the instruments and reverse repurchase agreements.</span></div></div><div style="display:inline-block;max-width:3.508%;min-width:2.508%;vertical-align:top"/><div style="display:inline-block;vertical-align:top;width:48.247%"><div style="margin-top:3pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">Nasdaq Clearing has invested the total cash contributions of $5,911 million as of December 31, 2021 and $3,942 million as of December 31, 2020, in accordance with its investment policy as follows:</span></div><div style="margin-top:3pt;text-align:justify"><table style="border-collapse:collapse;display:inline-table;margin-bottom:5pt;vertical-align:text-bottom;width:100.000%"><tr><td style="width:1.0%"/><td style="width:46.475%"/><td style="width:0.1%"/><td style="width:1.0%"/><td style="width:24.657%"/><td style="width:0.1%"/><td style="width:0.1%"/><td style="width:1.012%"/><td style="width:0.1%"/><td style="width:1.0%"/><td style="width:24.356%"/><td style="width:0.1%"/></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="padding:2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:12pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%"> </span></td><td colspan="3" style="padding:2px 1pt;text-align:center;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:7pt;font-weight:700;line-height:100%">December 31, 2021</span></td><td colspan="3" style="padding:0 1pt"/><td colspan="3" style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;padding:2px 1pt;text-align:center;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:7pt;font-weight:700;line-height:100%">December 31, 2020</span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="padding:2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:12pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%"> </span></td><td colspan="9" style="border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:2px 1pt;text-align:center;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:7pt;font-weight:700;line-height:100%">(in millions)</span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">Demand deposits</span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">$</span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">3,061 </span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:0 1pt"/><td style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">$</span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">2,086 </span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#ffffff;padding:2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">Central bank certificates</span></td><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#ffffff;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">2,013 </span></td><td style="background-color:#ffffff;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#ffffff;padding:0 1pt"/><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#ffffff;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">1,111 </span></td><td style="background-color:#ffffff;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 1pt 2px 5.5pt;text-align:left;text-indent:-4.5pt;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:700;line-height:100%">Restricted cash and cash equivalents</span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;border-top:1pt solid #000;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:700;line-height:100%">$</span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;border-top:1pt solid #000;padding:2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:700;line-height:100%">5,074</span><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%"> </span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;border-top:1pt solid #000;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:0 1pt"/><td style="background-color:#cceeff;border-top:1pt solid #000;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:700;line-height:100%">$</span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;border-top:1pt solid #000;padding:2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:700;line-height:100%">3,197</span><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%"> </span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;border-top:1pt solid #000;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#ffffff;padding:2px 1pt 2px 5.5pt;text-align:left;text-indent:-4.5pt;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">European government debt securities</span></td><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#ffffff;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">414 </span></td><td style="background-color:#ffffff;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#ffffff;padding:0 1pt"/><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#ffffff;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">470 </span></td><td style="background-color:#ffffff;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 1pt 2px 5.5pt;text-align:left;text-indent:-4.5pt;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">Reverse repurchase agreements</span></td><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">152 </span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:0 1pt"/><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">180 </span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="display:none"/><td colspan="3" style="display:none"/><td colspan="3" style="display:none"/><td colspan="3" style="display:none"/></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#ffffff;padding:2px 1pt 2px 5.5pt;text-align:left;text-indent:-4.5pt;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">Multilateral development bank debt securities</span></td><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#ffffff;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">271 </span></td><td style="background-color:#ffffff;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#ffffff;padding:0 1pt"/><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#ffffff;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">95 </span></td><td style="background-color:#ffffff;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 1pt 2px 10pt;text-align:left;text-indent:-9pt;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:700;line-height:100%">Investments</span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;border-top:1pt solid #000;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:700;line-height:100%">$</span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;border-top:1pt solid #000;padding:2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:700;line-height:100%">837</span><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%"> </span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;border-top:1pt solid #000;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:0 1pt"/><td style="background-color:#cceeff;border-top:1pt solid #000;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:700;line-height:100%">$</span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;border-top:1pt solid #000;padding:2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:700;line-height:100%">745</span><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%"> </span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;border-top:1pt solid #000;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#ffffff;padding:2px 1pt 2px 10pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:700;line-height:100%">Total</span></td><td style="background-color:#ffffff;border-bottom:3pt double #000000;border-top:1pt solid #000;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:700;line-height:100%">$</span></td><td style="background-color:#ffffff;border-bottom:3pt double #000000;border-top:1pt solid #000;padding:2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:700;line-height:100%">5,911</span><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%"> </span></td><td style="background-color:#ffffff;border-bottom:3pt double #000000;border-top:1pt solid #000;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#ffffff;padding:0 1pt"/><td style="background-color:#ffffff;border-bottom:3pt double #000000;border-top:1pt solid #000;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:700;line-height:100%">$</span></td><td style="background-color:#ffffff;border-bottom:3pt double #000000;border-top:1pt solid #000;padding:2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:700;line-height:100%">3,942</span><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%"> </span></td><td style="background-color:#ffffff;border-bottom:3pt double #000000;border-top:1pt solid #000;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/></tr></table></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">In the table above the change from December 31, 2020 to December 31, 2021 includes currency translation adjustments of $321 million for restricted cash and cash equivalents and $40 million for investments.</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">For the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019 investments related to default funds and margin deposits, net includes purchases of investment securities of $(41,098) million, $(54,046) million and $(38,203) million, respectively, and proceeds from sales and redemptions of investment securities of $40,966 million, $54,155 million and $38,029 million, respectively.</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">In the investment activity related to default fund and margin contributions, we are exposed to counterparty risk related to reverse repurchase agreement transactions, which reflect the risk that the counterparty might become insolvent and, thus, fail to meet its obligations to Nasdaq Clearing. We mitigate this risk by only engaging in transactions with high credit quality reverse repurchase agreement counterparties and by limiting the acceptable collateral under the reverse repurchase agreement to high quality issuers, primarily government securities and other securities explicitly guaranteed by a government. The value of the underlying security is monitored during the lifetime of the contract, and in the event the market value of the underlying security falls below the reverse repurchase amount, our clearinghouse may require additional collateral or a reset of the contract.</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-style:italic;font-weight:700;line-height:120%">Default Fund Contributions</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">Required contributions to the default funds are proportional to the exposures of each clearing member. When a clearing member is active in more than one market, contributions must be made to all markets’ default funds in which the member is active. Clearing members’ eligible contributions may include cash and non-cash contributions. Cash contributions received are maintained in demand deposits held at central banks and large, highly rated financial institutions or invested by Nasdaq Clearing, in accordance </span></div></div><div style="display:inline-block;vertical-align:top;width:48.245%"><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">with its investment policy, either in central bank certificates, highly rated government debt securities, reverse repurchase agreements with highly rated government debt securities as collateral, or multilateral development bank debt securities. Nasdaq Clearing maintains and manages all cash deposits related to margin collateral. All risks and rewards of collateral ownership, including interest, belong to Nasdaq Clearing. Clearing members’ cash contributions are included in default funds and margin deposits in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as both a current asset and a current liability. Non-cash contributions include highly rated government debt securities that must meet specific criteria approved by Nasdaq Clearing. Non-cash contributions are pledged assets that are not recorded in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as Nasdaq Clearing does not take legal ownership of these assets and the risks and rewards remain with the clearing members. These balances may fluctuate over time due to changes in the amount of deposits required and whether members choose to provide cash or non-cash contributions. Assets pledged are held at a nominee account in Nasdaq Clearing’s name for the benefit of the clearing members and are immediately accessible by Nasdaq Clearing in the event of a default. In addition to clearing members’ required contributions to the liability waterfall, Nasdaq Clearing is also required to contribute capital to the liability waterfall and overall regulatory capital as specified under its clearinghouse rules. As of December 31, 2021, Nasdaq Clearing committed capital totaling $138 million to the liability waterfall and overall regulatory capital, in the form of government debt securities, which are recorded as financial investments in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The combined regulatory capital of the clearing members and Nasdaq Clearing is intended to secure the obligations of a clearing member exceeding such member’s own margin and default fund deposits and may be used to cover losses sustained by a clearing member in the event of a default.</span></div><div style="margin-top:5pt"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-style:italic;font-weight:700;line-height:120%">Margin Deposits</span></div><div style="margin-top:5pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">Nasdaq Clearing requires all clearing members to provide collateral, which may consist of cash and non-cash contributions, to guarantee performance on the clearing members’ open positions, or initial margin. In addition, clearing members must also provide collateral to cover the daily margin call if needed. See “Default Fund Contributions” above for further discussion of cash and non-cash contributions.</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">Similar to default fund contributions, Nasdaq Clearing maintains and manages all cash deposits related to margin collateral. All risks and rewards of collateral ownership, including interest, belong to Nasdaq Clearing and are recorded in revenues. These cash deposits are recorded in default funds and margin deposits in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as both a current asset and a current liability. Pledged margin collateral is not recorded in our Consolidated Balance Sheets as all risks and rewards of collateral ownership, including interest, belong to the counterparty. Assets pledged are held at a nominee account in Nasdaq Clearing’s name for the benefit of the clearing members and </span></div></div><div style="display:inline-block;max-width:3.508%;min-width:2.508%;vertical-align:top"/><div style="display:inline-block;vertical-align:top;width:48.247%"><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">are immediately accessible by Nasdaq Clearing in the event of a default.</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">Nasdaq Clearing marks to market all outstanding contracts and requires payment from clearing members whose positions have lost value. The mark-to-market process helps identify any clearing members that may not be able to satisfy their financial obligations in a timely manner allowing Nasdaq Clearing the ability to mitigate the risk of a clearing member defaulting due to exceptionally large losses. In the event of a default, Nasdaq Clearing can access the defaulting member’s margin and default fund deposits to cover the defaulting member’s losses.</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:700;line-height:120%">Regulatory Capital and Risk Management Calculations</span></div><div style="margin-top:4pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">Nasdaq Clearing manages risk through a comprehensive counterparty risk management framework, which is comprised of policies, procedures, standards and financial resources. The level of regulatory capital is determined in accordance with Nasdaq Clearing’s regulatory capital and default fund policy, as approved by the SFSA. Regulatory capital calculations are continuously updated through a proprietary capital-at-risk calculation model that establishes the appropriate level of capital.</span></div><div style="margin-top:4pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">As mentioned above, Nasdaq Clearing is the legal counterparty for each contract cleared and thereby guarantees the fulfillment of each contract. Nasdaq Clearing accounts for this guarantee as a performance guarantee. We determine the fair value of the performance guarantee by considering daily settlement of contracts and other margining and default fund requirements, the risk management program, historical evidence of default payments, and the estimated probability of potential default payouts. The calculation is determined using proprietary risk management software that simulates gains and losses based on historical market prices, extreme but plausible market scenarios, volatility and other factors present at that point in time for those particular unsettled contracts. Based on this analysis, excluding any liability related to the Nasdaq commodities clearing default (see discussion above), the estimated liability was nominal and no liability was recorded as of December 31, 2021.</span></div><div style="margin-top:4pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:700;line-height:120%">Power of Assessment </span></div><div style="margin-top:4pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">To further strengthen the contingent financial resources of the clearinghouse, Nasdaq Clearing has power of assessment that provides the ability to collect additional funds from its clearing members to cover a defaulting member’s remaining obligations up to the limits established under the terms of the clearinghouse rules. The power of assessment corresponds to 230.0% of the clearing member’s aggregate contribution to the financial, commodities and seafood markets’ default funds.</span></div><div style="margin-top:4pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:700;line-height:120%">Liability Waterfall</span></div><div style="margin-top:4pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">The liability waterfall is the priority order in which the capital resources would be utilized in the event of a default where the defaulting clearing member’s collateral would not be sufficient to cover the cost to settle its portfolio. If a default occurs and the defaulting clearing member’s </span></div></div><div style="margin-top:4pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">collateral, including cash deposits and pledged assets, is depleted, then capital is utilized in the following amount and order:</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;padding-left:9pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:-9pt"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">•</span><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%;padding-left:5.5pt">junior capital contributed by Nasdaq Clearing, which totaled $44 million as of December 31, 2021;</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;padding-left:9pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:-9pt"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">•</span><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%;padding-left:5.5pt">a loss-sharing pool related only to the financial market that is contributed to by clearing members and only applies if the defaulting member’s portfolio includes interest rate swap products;</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;padding-left:9pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:-9pt"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">•</span><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%;padding-left:5.5pt">specific market default fund where the loss occurred (i.e., the financial, commodities, or seafood market), which includes capital contributions of the clearing members on a pro-rata basis; and</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;padding-left:9pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:-9pt"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">•</span><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%;padding-left:5.5pt">fully segregated senior capital for each specific market contributed by Nasdaq Clearing, calculated in accordance with clearinghouse rules, which totaled $24 million as of December 31, 2021.</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">If additional funds are needed after utilization of the liability waterfall, or if part of the waterfall has been utilized and needs to be replenished, then Nasdaq Clearing will utilize its power of assessment and additional capital contributions will be required by non-defaulting members up to the limits established under the terms of the clearinghouse rules.</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">In addition to the capital held to withstand counterparty defaults described above, Nasdaq Clearing also has committed capital of $70 million to ensure that it can handle an orderly wind-down of its operation, and that it is adequately protected against investment, operational, legal, and business risks.</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:700;line-height:120%">Market Value of Derivative Contracts Outstanding </span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">The following table presents the market value of derivative contracts outstanding prior to netting:</span></div><div style="text-align:justify"><table style="border-collapse:collapse;display:inline-table;margin-bottom:5pt;vertical-align:text-bottom;width:100.000%"><tr><td style="width:1.0%"/><td style="width:69.506%"/><td style="width:0.1%"/><td style="width:1.0%"/><td style="width:28.294%"/><td style="width:0.1%"/></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="padding:2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:12pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%"> </span></td><td colspan="3" style="padding:2px 1pt;text-align:center;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:7pt;font-weight:700;line-height:100%">December 31, 2021</span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="padding:2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:12pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%"> </span></td><td colspan="3" style="border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:2px 1pt;text-align:center;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:7pt;font-weight:700;line-height:100%">(in millions)</span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 1pt 2px 5.5pt;text-align:left;text-indent:-4.5pt;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">Commodity and seafood options, futures and forwards</span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">$</span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">282 </span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="padding:2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">Fixed-income options and futures</span></td><td colspan="2" style="padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">291 </span></td><td style="padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">Stock options and futures</span></td><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">147 </span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="padding:2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">Index options and futures</span></td><td colspan="2" style="padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">80 </span></td><td style="padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">Total</span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;border-bottom:3pt double #000000;border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">$</span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;border-bottom:3pt double #000000;border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">800 </span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;border-bottom:3pt double #000000;border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/></tr></table></div><div style="margin-top:3pt"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">In the table above: </span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;padding-left:9pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:-9pt"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">•</span><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%;padding-left:5.5pt">We determined the fair value of our option contracts using standard valuation models that were based on market-based observable inputs including implied volatility, interest rates and the spot price of the underlying instrument.</span></div><div style="margin-top:3pt;padding-left:9pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:-9pt"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">•</span><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%;padding-left:5.5pt">We determined the fair value of our futures contracts based upon quoted market prices and average quoted market yields.</span></div><div style="margin-top:3pt;padding-left:9pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:-9pt"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">•</span><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%;padding-left:5.5pt">We determined the fair value of our forward contracts using standard valuation models that were based on </span></div><div style="margin-top:3pt;padding-left:9pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">market-based observable inputs including benchmark rates and the spot price of the underlying instrument.</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:700;line-height:120%">Derivative Contracts Cleared</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">The following table presents the total number of derivative contracts cleared through Nasdaq Clearing for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020:</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><table style="border-collapse:collapse;display:inline-table;margin-bottom:5pt;vertical-align:text-bottom;width:100.000%"><tr><td style="width:1.0%"/><td style="width:44.821%"/><td style="width:0.1%"/><td style="width:1.0%"/><td style="width:25.183%"/><td style="width:0.1%"/><td style="width:0.1%"/><td style="width:1.310%"/><td style="width:0.1%"/><td style="width:1.0%"/><td style="width:25.186%"/><td style="width:0.1%"/></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="padding:2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:12pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%"> </span></td><td colspan="3" style="padding:2px 1pt;text-align:center;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:7pt;font-weight:700;line-height:100%">December 31, 2021</span></td><td colspan="3" style="padding:0 1pt"/><td colspan="3" style="padding:2px 1pt;text-align:center;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:7pt;font-weight:700;line-height:100%">December 31, 2020</span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 1pt 2px 5.5pt;text-align:left;text-indent:-4.5pt;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">Commodity and seafood options, futures and forwards</span></td><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#cceeff;border-top:1pt solid #000;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">536,252 </span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;border-top:1pt solid #000;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:0 1pt"/><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#cceeff;border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">672,219 </span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="padding:2px 1pt 2px 5.5pt;text-align:left;text-indent:-4.5pt;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">Fixed-income options and futures</span></td><td colspan="2" style="padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">23,140,918 </span></td><td style="padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/><td colspan="3" style="padding:0 1pt"/><td colspan="2" style="padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">21,299,713 </span></td><td style="padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">Stock options and futures</span></td><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">20,308,811 </span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:0 1pt"/><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">19,757,733 </span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="padding:2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">Index options and futures</span></td><td colspan="2" style="padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">37,860,187 </span></td><td style="padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/><td colspan="3" style="padding:0 1pt"/><td colspan="2" style="padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">51,371,391 </span></td><td style="padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">Total</span></td><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#cceeff;border-bottom:3pt double #000000;border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">81,846,168 </span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;border-bottom:3pt double #000000;border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:0 1pt"/><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#cceeff;border-bottom:3pt double #000000;border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">93,101,056 </span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;border-bottom:3pt double #000000;border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/></tr></table></div><div style="margin-bottom:3pt;margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">In the table above, the total volume in cleared power related to commodity contracts was 813 Terawatt hours (TWh) and 956 TWh for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:700;line-height:120%">Resale and Repurchase Agreements Contracts Outstanding and Cleared</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">The outstanding contract value of resale and repurchase agreements was $139 million and $253 million as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The total number of resale and repurchase agreements contracts cleared was 6,070,414 and 4,832,504 for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively .</span></div>
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3 fund
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880000000 USD
CY2021Q4 ndaq Margin Deposits
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CY2021Q4 ndaq Default Fund Contributions And Margin Deposits
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12634000000 USD
CY2021Q4 ndaq Default Fund Contributions
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880000000 USD
CY2021Q4 ndaq Default Funds And Margin Deposits Assets
DefaultFundsAndMarginDepositsAssets
5911000000 USD
CY2020Q4 ndaq Default Funds And Margin Deposits Assets
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PaymentForDefaultFundsAndMarginDeposits
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PaymentForDefaultFundsAndMarginDeposits
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CY2020Q4 us-gaap Derivative Number Of Instruments Held
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CY2020 ndaq Total Volume In Cleared Power
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37000000 USD
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46000000 USD
CY2021Q4 us-gaap Operating Lease Liability Noncurrent
OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent
386000000 USD
CY2020Q4 us-gaap Operating Lease Liability Noncurrent
OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent
389000000 USD
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OperatingLeaseLiability
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CY2020 us-gaap Variable Lease Cost
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CY2020 us-gaap Sublease Income
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CY2019 us-gaap Sublease Income
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CY2019 us-gaap Lease Cost
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57000000 USD
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CY2019Q4 us-gaap Unrecognized Tax Benefits
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48000000 USD
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CY2021Q4 us-gaap Income Tax Examination Penalties And Interest Accrued
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4000000 USD
CY2020Q4 us-gaap Income Tax Examination Penalties And Interest Accrued
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8000000 USD
CY2020Q4 ndaq Financialguaranteesobtainedtoprovidefurtherliquidityanddefaultprotectionrelatedtoclearingbusinesses
Financialguaranteesobtainedtoprovidefurtherliquidityanddefaultprotectionrelatedtoclearingbusinesses
5000000 USD
CY2021Q4 ndaq Financialguaranteesobtainedtoprovidefurtherliquidityanddefaultprotectionrelatedtoclearingbusinesses
Financialguaranteesobtainedtoprovidefurtherliquidityanddefaultprotectionrelatedtoclearingbusinesses
5000000 USD
CY2014Q3 ndaq Number Of National Exchanges Named As Defendants
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7 exchange
CY2021 us-gaap Number Of Operating Segments
NumberOfOperatingSegments
4 segment
CY2021 us-gaap Number Of Operating Segments
NumberOfOperatingSegments
4 segment
CY2021 us-gaap Revenue From Contract With Customer Excluding Assessed Tax
RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax
5886000000 USD
CY2020 us-gaap Revenue From Contract With Customer Excluding Assessed Tax
RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax
5625000000 USD
CY2019 us-gaap Revenue From Contract With Customer Excluding Assessed Tax
RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax
4258000000 USD
CY2021 us-gaap Cost Of Revenue
CostOfRevenue
2466000000 USD
CY2020 us-gaap Cost Of Revenue
CostOfRevenue
2722000000 USD
CY2019 us-gaap Cost Of Revenue
CostOfRevenue
1723000000 USD
CY2021 us-gaap Gross Profit
GrossProfit
3420000000 USD
CY2020 us-gaap Gross Profit
GrossProfit
2903000000 USD
CY2019 us-gaap Gross Profit
GrossProfit
2535000000 USD
CY2021 us-gaap Depreciation And Amortization
DepreciationAndAmortization
278000000 USD
CY2020 us-gaap Depreciation And Amortization
DepreciationAndAmortization
202000000 USD
CY2019 us-gaap Depreciation And Amortization
DepreciationAndAmortization
190000000 USD
CY2021 us-gaap Operating Income Loss
OperatingIncomeLoss
1441000000 USD
CY2020 us-gaap Operating Income Loss
OperatingIncomeLoss
1234000000 USD
CY2019 us-gaap Operating Income Loss
OperatingIncomeLoss
1017000000 USD
CY2021 us-gaap Payments To Acquire Property Plant And Equipment
PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment
163000000 USD
CY2020 us-gaap Payments To Acquire Property Plant And Equipment
PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment
188000000 USD
CY2019 us-gaap Payments To Acquire Property Plant And Equipment
PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment
127000000 USD
CY2021 us-gaap Revenue From Contract With Customer Excluding Assessed Tax
RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax
5886000000 USD
CY2021Q4 us-gaap Property Plant And Equipment Net
PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet
509000000 USD
CY2020 us-gaap Revenue From Contract With Customer Excluding Assessed Tax
RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax
5625000000 USD
CY2020Q4 us-gaap Property Plant And Equipment Net
PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet
475000000 USD
CY2019 us-gaap Revenue From Contract With Customer Excluding Assessed Tax
RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax
4258000000 USD
CY2019Q4 us-gaap Property Plant And Equipment Net
PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet
384000000 USD
CY2021Q2 ndaq Restructuring And Related Cost Expected Cost Period Of Recognition
RestructuringAndRelatedCostExpectedCostPeriodOfRecognition
P2Y
CY2021 us-gaap Restructuring Charges
RestructuringCharges
31000000 USD
CY2020 us-gaap Restructuring Charges
RestructuringCharges
48000000 USD
CY2019 us-gaap Restructuring Charges
RestructuringCharges
39000000 USD

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