2020 Form 10-K Financial Statement

#000112019321000011 Filed on February 23, 2021

View on sec.gov

Income Statement

Concept 2020 2019 Q4 2019
Revenue $5.625B $1.065B $4.258B
YoY Change 32.1% -6.25% -0.44%
Cost Of Revenue $2.722B $419.0M $1.723B
YoY Change 57.98% -14.84% -1.6%
Gross Profit $2.903B $646.0M $2.535B
YoY Change 14.52% 0.31% 0.36%
Gross Profit Margin 51.61% 60.66% 59.53%
Selling, General & Admin $1.350B $325.0M $1.248B
YoY Change 8.17% -3.85% -1.5%
% of Gross Profit 46.5% 50.31% 49.23%
Research & Development $151.0M $133.0M
YoY Change 13.53% 4.72%
% of Gross Profit 5.2% 5.25%
Depreciation & Amortization $99.00M $47.00M $89.00M
YoY Change 11.24% -7.84% -11.88%
% of Gross Profit 3.41% 7.28% 3.51%
Operating Expenses $1.669B $372.0M $1.518B
YoY Change 9.95% -4.37% 1.34%
Operating Profit $1.234B $274.0M $1.017B
YoY Change 21.34% 7.45% -1.07%
Interest Expense $101.0M -$6.000M $124.0M
YoY Change -18.55% -106.74% -17.33%
% of Operating Profit 8.18% -2.19% 12.19%
Other Income/Expense, Net -$6.000M -$2.000M -$6.000M
YoY Change 0.0% 0.0% -14.29%
Pretax Income $1.212B $252.0M $1.019B
YoY Change 18.94% -23.17% -4.23%
Income Tax $279.0M $49.00M $245.0M
% Of Pretax Income 23.02% 19.44% 24.04%
Net Earnings $933.0M $203.0M $774.0M
YoY Change 20.54% -561.36% 69.0%
Net Earnings / Revenue 16.59% 19.06% 18.18%
Basic Earnings Per Share $5.67 $4.69
Diluted Earnings Per Share $5.59 $1.217M $4.63
COMMON SHARES
Basic Shares Outstanding 164.4M shares 163.9M shares 164.9M shares
Diluted Shares Outstanding 166.9M shares 167.0M shares

Balance Sheet

Concept 2020 2019 Q4 2019
SHORT-TERM ASSETS
Cash & Short-Term Investments $2.940B $623.0M $623.0M
YoY Change 371.91% -23.37% -23.37%
Cash & Equivalents $2.745B $332.0M $332.0M
Short-Term Investments $195.0M $291.0M $291.0M
Other Short-Term Assets $4.154B $219.0M $3.245B
YoY Change 28.01% -43.85% -37.27%
Inventory
Prepaid Expenses
Receivables $566.0M $422.0M $422.0M
Other Receivables $0.00 $0.00 $0.00
Total Short-Term Assets $7.660B $4.290B $4.290B
YoY Change 78.55% -32.65% -32.65%
LONG-TERM ASSETS
Property, Plant & Equipment $856.0M $384.0M $730.0M
YoY Change 17.26% 2.13% 94.15%
Goodwill $6.366B
YoY Change 0.05%
Intangibles $2.249B
YoY Change -2.22%
Long-Term Investments $276.0M $156.0M $205.0M
YoY Change 34.63% 15.56% 51.85%
Other Assets $82.00M $289.0M $84.00M
YoY Change -2.38% -0.69% -46.15%
Total Long-Term Assets $10.32B $9.634B $9.634B
YoY Change 7.11% 3.26% 3.26%
TOTAL ASSETS
Total Short-Term Assets $7.660B $4.290B $4.290B
Total Long-Term Assets $10.32B $9.634B $9.634B
Total Assets $17.98B $13.92B $13.92B
YoY Change 29.12% -11.31% -11.31%
SHORT-TERM LIABILITIES
YoY Change
Accounts Payable $224.0M $132.0M $132.0M
YoY Change 69.7% 21.1% 21.1%
Accrued Expenses $273.0M $249.0M $249.0M
YoY Change 9.64% 25.13% 25.13%
Deferred Revenue $211.0M
YoY Change 8.76%
Short-Term Debt $0.00 $389.0M $391.0M
YoY Change -100.0% -73.61% -55.31%
Long-Term Debt Due
YoY Change
Total Short-Term Liabilities $4.924B $4.227B $4.227B
YoY Change 16.49% -35.66% -35.66%
LONG-TERM LIABILITIES
Long-Term Debt $5.541B $2.996B $2.996B
YoY Change 84.95% 1.35% 1.35%
Other Long-Term Liabilities $576.0M $179.0M $510.0M
YoY Change 12.94% -20.09% 127.68%
Total Long-Term Liabilities $6.117B $3.175B $3.506B
YoY Change 74.47% -0.16% 10.25%
TOTAL LIABILITIES
Total Short-Term Liabilities $4.924B $4.227B $4.227B
Total Long-Term Liabilities $6.117B $3.175B $3.506B
Total Liabilities $11.55B $8.285B $8.285B
YoY Change 39.36% -19.18% -19.18%
SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY
Retained Earnings $5.027B
YoY Change 10.29%
Common Stock $2.000M
YoY Change 0.0%
Preferred Stock
YoY Change
Treasury Stock (at cost) $336.0M
YoY Change 13.13%
Treasury Stock Shares 5.981M shares
Shareholders Equity $6.433B $5.639B $5.639B
YoY Change
Total Liabilities & Shareholders Equity $17.98B $13.92B $13.92B
YoY Change 29.12% -11.31% -11.31%

Cashflow Statement

Concept 2020 2019 Q4 2019
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net Income $933.0M $203.0M $774.0M
YoY Change 20.54% -561.36% 69.0%
Depreciation, Depletion And Amortization $99.00M $47.00M $89.00M
YoY Change 11.24% -7.84% -11.88%
Cash From Operating Activities $1.252B $339.0M $963.0M
YoY Change 30.01% -5.83% -6.32%
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Capital Expenditures $188.0M -$39.00M $127.0M
YoY Change 48.03% 0.0% 14.41%
Acquisitions $157.0M $206.0M
YoY Change -23.79% 174.67%
Other Investing Activities $27.00M -$70.00M $14.00M
YoY Change 92.86% -975.0% -46.15%
Cash From Investing Activities -$122.0M -$109.0M -$414.0M
YoY Change -70.53% 251.61% -311.22%
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Cash Dividend Paid $320.0M $305.0M
YoY Change 4.92% 8.93%
Common Stock Issuance & Retirement, Net $172.0M $163.0M
YoY Change 5.52% -56.76%
Debt Paid & Issued, Net $1.468B $1.215B
YoY Change 20.82% 956.52%
Cash From Financing Activities $1.910B -208.0M -$2.472B
YoY Change -177.27% 71.9% 140.7%
NET CHANGE
Cash From Operating Activities $1.252B 339.0M $963.0M
Cash From Investing Activities -$122.0M -109.0M -$414.0M
Cash From Financing Activities $1.910B -208.0M -$2.472B
Net Change In Cash $3.393B 22.00M -$2.111B
YoY Change -260.73% -89.42% -1228.88%
FREE CASH FLOW
Cash From Operating Activities $1.252B $339.0M $963.0M
Capital Expenditures $188.0M -$39.00M $127.0M
Free Cash Flow $1.064B $378.0M $836.0M
YoY Change 27.27% -5.26% -8.83%

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Organization and Nature of Operations<div style="margin-top:5pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">Nasdaq is a global technology company serving the capital markets and other industries. Our diverse offerings of data, analytics, software and services enables clients to optimize and execute their business vision with confidence.</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">We manage, operate and provide our products and services in four business segments: Market Services, Corporate Platforms, Investment Intelligence and Market Technology. In the fourth quarter of 2020, we renamed the segment that was formerly known as the Corporate Services segment to the Corporate Platforms segment and renamed the business that was formerly known as the Corporate Solutions business to the IR &amp; ESG Services business. We also renamed the segment that was formerly known as the Information Services segment to the Investment Intelligence segment and renamed the business that was formerly known as the Investment Data and Analytics business to the Analytics business. There was no impact to current or prior years' operating results as a result of these changes.</span></div><div style="margin-top:9pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:700;line-height:120%">Market Services</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">Our Market Services segment includes our Equity Derivative Trading and Clearing, Cash Equity Trading, FICC and Trade Management Services businesses. We operate multiple exchanges and other marketplace facilities across several asset classes, including derivatives, commodities, cash equity, debt, structured products and ETPs. In addition, in certain countries where we operate exchanges, we also provide broker services, clearing, settlement and central depository services. In November 2019, we sold NFX’s futures exchange business to a third party which acquired the core assets of NFX, including the portfolio of open interest in NFX contracts. During 2020, all open interest was migrated to other exchanges. In January 2020, we commenced an orderly wind-down of our Nordic broker services operations business. We expect this wind-down to continue through 2021. Also, in February 2021, we announced that we entered into a Purchase Agreement to sell NFI. See “Sale of U.S. Fixed Income Business,” of Note 21, “Subsequent Events,” for further discussion of this transaction.</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">Our transaction-based platforms provide market participants with the ability to access, process, display and integrate orders and quotes. The platforms allow the routing and execution of buy and sell orders as well as the reporting of transactions, providing fee-based revenues.</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">For further discussion of our Market Services businesses, see “Products and Services - Market Services,” of “Item 1. Business.”</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:700;line-height:120%">Corporate Platforms</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">Our Corporate Platforms segment includes our Listing Services and IR &amp; ESG Services businesses. These businesses deliver critical capital market and governance </span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">solutions across the lifecycle of public and private companies.</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">Our Listing Services business includes our U.S. and European Listing Services businesses. We operate a variety of listing platforms around the world to provide multiple global capital raising solutions for private and public companies. Our main listing markets are The Nasdaq Stock Market and the Nasdaq Nordic and Nasdaq Baltic exchanges. Through Nasdaq First North, our Nordic and Baltic operations also offer alternative marketplaces for smaller companies and growth companies. Our Listing Services business also includes NPM, which provides liquidity solutions for private companies.</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">We are continuing to grow our U.S. Corporate Bond exchange for the listing of corporate bonds. This exchange operates pursuant to The Nasdaq Stock Market exchange license and is powered by NFF. As of December 31, 2020, 86 corporate bonds were listed on the Corporate Bond exchange. We also continue to grow the Nasdaq Sustainable Bond Network, a platform for increased transparency in the global sustainable bond markets.</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">As of December 31, 2020, there were 3,392 total listings on The Nasdaq Stock Market, including 412 ETPs. The combined market capitalization was approximately $22.0 trillion. In Europe, the Nasdaq Nordic and Nasdaq Baltic exchanges, together with Nasdaq First North, were home to 1,071 listed companies with a combined market capitalization of approximately $2.1 trillion.</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">Our IR &amp; ESG Services business includes our Investor Relations Intelligence and Governance Solutions businesses, which serve both public and private companies and organizations. Our public company clients can be companies listed on our exchanges or other U.S. and global exchanges. We help organizations enhance their ability to understand and expand their global shareholder base, improve corporate governance, and navigate the evolving ESG landscape through our suite of advanced technology, analytics, and consultative services. We provide clients with counsel on a range of governance and sustainability-related issues. Our acquisition of OneReport in January 2020 broadened our offerings which also include our ESG Advisory service and our board assessment and collaboration technology.</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">For further discussion of our Corporate Platforms businesses, see “Products and Services - Corporate Platforms,” of “Item 1. Business.”</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:700;line-height:120%">Investment Intelligence</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">Our Investment Intelligence segment includes our Market Data, Index and Analytics businesses.</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">Our Market Data business sells and distributes historical and real-time market data to the sell-side, the institutional investing community, retail online brokers, proprietary trading shops, other venues, internet portals and data distributors. Our market data products enhance transparency </span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">of market activity within our exchanges and provide critical information to professional and non-professional investors globally. </span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">Our Index business develops and licenses Nasdaq-branded indexes and financial products. We also license cash-settled options, futures and options on futures on our indexes. As of December 31, 2020, 339 ETPs listed in over 20 countries and exchanges tracked a Nasdaq index and accounted for $359 billion in AUM.</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">Our Analytics business provides asset managers, investment consultants and institutional asset owners with information and analytics to make data-driven investment decisions and deploy their resources more productively. Through eVestment and Solovis, we provide a suite of cloud-based solutions that help institutional investors and consultants conduct pre-investment due diligence, and monitor their portfolios post-investment. The eVestment platform also enables asset managers to market their institutional products worldwide. </span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">For further discussion of our Investment Intelligence businesses, see “Products and Services - Investment Intelligence,” of “Item 1. Business.”</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:700;line-height:120%">Market Technology </span></div><div style="margin-bottom:3pt;margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">Powering over 130 market infrastructure operators and new market clients in more than 50 countries, our Market Technology segment is a leading global technology solutions provider and partner to exchanges, clearing organizations, central securities depositories, regulators, banks, brokers, buy-side firms and corporate businesses. Our Market Technology business is the sales channel for our complete global offering to other marketplaces. Our solutions can handle a wide array of assets, including but not limited to cash equities, equity derivatives, currencies, various interest-bearing securities, commodities, energy products and digital currencies. Our solutions can also be used in the creation of new asset classes, and non-capital markets customers, including those in insurance liabilities securitization, cryptocurrencies and sports wagering. During 2020, we announced the launch of the cloud-deployed Nasdaq Automated Investigator, an automated solution for investigating anti-money laundering for retail and commercial banks and other financial institutions. Additionally, in February 2021, we completed the acquisition of Verafin, a SaaS technology provider specializing in combating fraud and money laundering. See “Acquisition of Verafin,” of Note 4, “Acquisitions and Divestiture,” for further discussion.</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">For further discussion of our Market Technology businesses, see “Products and Services - Market Technology,” of “Item 1. Business.”</span></div>
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293353 shares
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63.22
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P5Y6M
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50.50
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6000000 USD
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410000000 USD
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353218 shares
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CY2020 us-gaap Due To And From Broker Dealers And Clearing Organizations Disclosure
DueToAndFromBrokerDealersAndClearingOrganizationsDisclosure
Clearing Operations<div style="margin-top:6pt"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:700;line-height:120%">Nasdaq</span><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%"> </span><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:700;line-height:120%">Clearing</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">Nasdaq Clearing is authorized and supervised under EMIR as a multi-asset clearinghouse by the SFSA. Such authorization is effective for all member states of the European Union and certain other non-member states that are part of the European Economic Area, including Norway. The clearinghouse acts as the CCP for exchange and OTC trades in equity derivatives, fixed income derivatives, resale and repurchase contracts, power derivatives, emission allowance derivatives, and seafood derivatives. </span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">Through our clearing operations in the financial markets, which include the resale and repurchase market, the commodities markets, and the seafood market, Nasdaq Clearing is the legal counterparty for, and guarantees the fulfillment of, each contract cleared. These contracts are not used by Nasdaq Clearing for the purpose of trading on its own behalf. As the legal counterparty of each transaction, </span></div><div style="display:inline-block;vertical-align:top;width:48.245%"><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">Nasdaq Clearing bears the counterparty risk between the purchaser and seller in the contract. In its guarantor role, Nasdaq Clearing has precisely equal and offsetting claims to and from clearing members on opposite sides of each contract, standing as the CCP on every contract cleared. In accordance with the rules and regulations of Nasdaq Clearing, default fund and margin collateral requirements are calculated for each clearing member’s positions in accounts with the CCP. See “Default Fund Contributions and Margin Deposits” below for further discussion of Nasdaq Clearing’s default fund and margin requirements.</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">Nasdaq Clearing maintains four member sponsored default funds: one related to financial markets, one related to commodities markets, one related to the seafood market, and a mutualized fund. Under this structure, Nasdaq Clearing and its clearing members must contribute to the total regulatory capital related to the clearing operations of Nasdaq Clearing. This structure applies an initial separation of default fund contributions for the financial, commodities and seafood markets in order to create a buffer for each market’s counterparty risks. Simultaneously, a mutualized default fund provides capital efficiencies to Nasdaq Clearing’s members with regard to total regulatory capital required. See “Default Fund Contributions” below for further discussion of Nasdaq Clearing’s default fund. Power of assessment and a liability waterfall also have been implemented. See “Power of Assessment” and “Liability Waterfall” below for further discussion. These requirements align risk between Nasdaq Clearing and its clearing members.</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:700;line-height:120%">Nasdaq Commodities Clearing Default </span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">In September 2018, a member of the Nasdaq Clearing commodities market defaulted due to inability to post sufficient collateral to cover increased margin requirements for the positions of the relevant member, which had experienced losses due to sharp adverse movements in the Nordic - German power market spread. Nasdaq Clearing followed default procedures and offset the future market risk on the defaulting member’s positions. The default resulted in an initial loss of $133 million. In accordance with the liability waterfall, the first $8 million of the loss was allocated to Nasdaq Clearing’s junior capital and the remainder was allocated on a pro-rata basis to the commodities clearing members’ default funds. In September 2018, these funds were replenished</span><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Calibri',sans-serif;font-size:11pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">.</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">Immediately following the event, Nasdaq Clearing launched a comprehensive enhancement program to strengthen the resilience and robustness of the clearinghouse.</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">In December 2018, we initiated a capital relief program. The capital relief program was a voluntary program open to each commodities default fund participant; each such participant who agreed to the capital relief program received a proportion of the funds made available under the capital relief program as reflected by their proportionate share of the aggregate of the clearing members' default fund replenishments. In 2018, we recorded a charge of $23 million related to this program.</span></div></div><div style="display:inline-block;max-width:3.508%;min-width:2.508%;vertical-align:top"/><div style="display:inline-block;vertical-align:top;width:48.247%"><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">Since the member default in 2018, Nasdaq Clearing has been working to maximize the recovery from the defaulted member. All funds recovered are applied towards the default fund participants on a pro rata basis. As of December 31, 2020, the expected recovery together with the capital relief program amounts to approximately 80% of the initial loss, of which the majority has been paid and the remainder is expected to be paid during 2021.</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">In December 2018, the SFSA initiated a review of Nasdaq Clearing. On January 27, 2021, the SFSA issued a warning combined with an administrative fine of approximately $36 million (SEK 300 million) to Nasdaq Clearing based on their review. Nasdaq Clearing has assessed the SFSA´s decision and has decided to appeal the decision to the Administrative Court. As of December 31, 2020, no accrual has been recorded related to this matter as the outcome cannot be reasonably estimated.</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:700;line-height:120%">Default Fund Contributions and Margin Deposits</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">As of December 31, 2020, clearing member default fund contributions and margin deposits were as follows:</span></div><div style="margin-bottom:6pt"><table style="border-collapse:collapse;display:inline-table;vertical-align:top;width:99.393%"><tr><td style="width:1.0%"/><td style="width:32.131%"/><td style="width:0.1%"/><td style="width:1.0%"/><td style="width:22.070%"/><td style="width:0.1%"/><td style="width:0.1%"/><td style="width:1.324%"/><td style="width:0.1%"/><td style="width:1.0%"/><td style="width:19.631%"/><td style="width:0.1%"/><td style="width:0.1%"/><td style="width:1.324%"/><td style="width:0.1%"/><td style="width:1.0%"/><td style="width:18.720%"/><td style="width:0.1%"/></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="padding:2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:12pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%"> </span></td><td colspan="15" style="padding:2px 1pt;text-align:center;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:7pt;font-weight:700;line-height:100%">December 31, 2020</span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="padding:2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:12pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%"> </span></td><td colspan="3" style="border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:2px 1pt;text-align:center;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:7pt;font-weight:700;line-height:100%">Cash Contributions</span></td><td colspan="3" style="border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:0 1pt"/><td colspan="3" style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:2px 1pt;text-align:center;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:7pt;font-weight:700;line-height:100%">Non-Cash Contributions</span></td><td colspan="3" style="border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:0 1pt"/><td colspan="3" style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:2px 1pt;text-align:center;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:7pt;font-weight:700;line-height:100%">Total Contributions</span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="padding:2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:12pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%"> </span></td><td colspan="15" style="border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:2px 1pt;text-align:center;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:7pt;font-weight:700;line-height:100%">(in millions)</span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><div style="padding-left:9pt;text-indent:-9pt"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">Default fund contributions</span></div></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">$</span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">529 </span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:0 1pt"/><td style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">$</span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">99 </span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:0 1pt"/><td style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">$</span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">628 </span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#ffffff;padding:2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">Margin deposits</span></td><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#ffffff;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">3,413 </span></td><td style="background-color:#ffffff;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#ffffff;padding:0 1pt"/><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#ffffff;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">5,511 </span></td><td style="background-color:#ffffff;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#ffffff;padding:0 1pt"/><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#ffffff;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">8,924 </span></td><td style="background-color:#ffffff;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">Total</span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;border-bottom:3pt double #000000;border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">$</span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;border-bottom:3pt double #000000;border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">3,942 </span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;border-bottom:3pt double #000000;border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:0 1pt"/><td style="background-color:#cceeff;border-bottom:3pt double #000000;border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">$</span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;border-bottom:3pt double #000000;border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">5,610 </span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;border-bottom:3pt double #000000;border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:0 1pt"/><td style="background-color:#cceeff;border-bottom:3pt double #000000;border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">$</span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;border-bottom:3pt double #000000;border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">9,552 </span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;border-bottom:3pt double #000000;border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/></tr></table></div><div style="margin-top:9pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">Of the total default fund contributions of $628 million, Nasdaq Clearing can utilize $556 million as capital resources in the event of a counterparty default. The remaining balance of $72 million pertains to member posted surplus balances.</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">Our clearinghouse holds material amounts of clearing member cash deposits which are held or invested primarily to provide security of capital while minimizing credit, market and liquidity risks. While we seek to achieve a reasonable rate of return, we are primarily concerned with preservation of capital and managing the risks associated with these deposits. </span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">Clearing member cash contributions are maintained in demand deposits held at central banks and large, highly rated financial institutions or secured through direct investments, primarily central bank certificates and highly rated European government debt securities with original maturities of 90 days or less, reverse repurchase agreements and supranational debt securities. Investments in reverse repurchase agreements are secured with highly rated government securities with maturity dates that range from 4 days to 7 days. The carrying value of these securities approximates their fair value due to the short-term nature of the instruments and reverse repurchase agreements.</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">Nasdaq Clearing has invested the total cash contributions of $3,942 million as of December 31, 2020 and $2,996 million </span></div></div><div style="display:inline-block;vertical-align:top;width:48.245%"><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">as of December 31, 2019, in accordance with its investment policy as follows: </span></div><div style="margin-bottom:6pt"><table style="border-collapse:collapse;display:inline-table;vertical-align:top;width:100.000%"><tr><td style="width:1.0%"/><td style="width:46.475%"/><td style="width:0.1%"/><td style="width:1.0%"/><td style="width:24.657%"/><td style="width:0.1%"/><td style="width:0.1%"/><td style="width:1.012%"/><td style="width:0.1%"/><td style="width:1.0%"/><td style="width:24.356%"/><td style="width:0.1%"/></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="padding:2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:12pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%"> </span></td><td colspan="3" style="padding:2px 1pt;text-align:center;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:7pt;font-weight:700;line-height:100%">December 31, 2020</span></td><td colspan="3" style="padding:0 1pt"/><td colspan="3" style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;padding:2px 1pt;text-align:center;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:7pt;font-weight:700;line-height:100%">December 31, 2019</span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="padding:2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:12pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%"> </span></td><td colspan="9" style="border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:2px 1pt;text-align:center;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:7pt;font-weight:700;line-height:100%">(in millions)</span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><div style="padding-left:9pt;text-indent:-9pt"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">Demand deposits</span></div></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">$</span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">2,086 </span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:0 1pt"/><td style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">$</span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">1,328 </span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#ffffff;padding:2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">Central bank certificates</span></td><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#ffffff;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">1,111 </span></td><td style="background-color:#ffffff;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#ffffff;padding:0 1pt"/><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#ffffff;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">896 </span></td><td style="background-color:#ffffff;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><div style="padding-left:9pt;text-indent:-9pt"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">European government debt securities</span></div></td><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">470 </span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:0 1pt"/><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">508 </span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#ffffff;padding:2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><div style="padding-left:9pt;text-indent:-9pt"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">Reverse repurchase agreements</span></div></td><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#ffffff;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">180 </span></td><td style="background-color:#ffffff;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#ffffff;padding:0 1pt"/><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#ffffff;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">116 </span></td><td style="background-color:#ffffff;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 1pt 2px 10pt;text-align:left;text-indent:-9pt;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">Supranational debt securities</span></td><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">95 </span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:0 1pt"/><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">148 </span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#ffffff;padding:2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><div style="padding-left:9pt;text-indent:-9pt"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">Total</span></div></td><td style="background-color:#ffffff;border-bottom:3pt double #000000;border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">$</span></td><td style="background-color:#ffffff;border-bottom:3pt double #000000;border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">3,942 </span></td><td style="background-color:#ffffff;border-bottom:3pt double #000000;border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#ffffff;padding:0 1pt"/><td style="background-color:#ffffff;border-bottom:3pt double #000000;border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">$</span></td><td style="background-color:#ffffff;border-bottom:3pt double #000000;border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">2,996 </span></td><td style="background-color:#ffffff;border-bottom:3pt double #000000;border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/></tr></table></div><div style="margin-top:9pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">In the investment activity related to default fund and margin contributions, we are exposed to counterparty risk related to reverse repurchase agreement transactions, which reflect the risk that the counterparty might become insolvent and, thus, fail to meet its obligations to Nasdaq Clearing. We mitigate this risk by only engaging in transactions with high credit quality reverse repurchase agreement counterparties and by limiting the acceptable collateral under the reverse repurchase agreement to high quality issuers, primarily government securities and other securities explicitly guaranteed by a government. The value of the underlying security is monitored during the lifetime of the contract, and in the event the market value of the underlying security falls below the reverse repurchase amount, our clearinghouse may require additional collateral or a reset of the contract.</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-style:italic;font-weight:700;line-height:120%">Default Fund Contributions</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">Required contributions to the default funds are proportional to the exposures of each clearing member. When a clearing member is active in more than one market, contributions must be made to all markets’ default funds in which the member is active. Clearing members’ eligible contributions may include cash and non-cash contributions. Cash contributions received are maintained in demand deposits held at central banks and large, highly rated financial institutions or invested by Nasdaq Clearing, in accordance with its investment policy, either in central bank certificates, highly rated government debt securities, reverse repurchase agreements with highly rated government debt securities as collateral, or supranational debt securities. Nasdaq Clearing maintains and manages all cash deposits related to margin collateral. All risks and rewards of collateral ownership, including interest, belong to Nasdaq Clearing. Clearing members’ cash contributions are included in default funds and margin deposits in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as both a current asset and a current liability. Non-cash contributions include highly rated government debt securities that must meet specific criteria approved by Nasdaq Clearing. Non-cash contributions are pledged assets that are not recorded in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as Nasdaq Clearing does not take legal ownership of these assets and the risks and rewards remain with the clearing members. These balances may fluctuate over time due to changes in the </span></div></div><div style="display:inline-block;max-width:3.508%;min-width:2.508%;vertical-align:top"/><div style="display:inline-block;vertical-align:top;width:48.247%"><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">amount of deposits required and whether members choose to provide cash or non-cash contributions. Assets pledged are held at a nominee account in Nasdaq Clearing’s name for the benefit of the clearing members and are immediately accessible by Nasdaq Clearing in the event of a default. In addition to clearing members’ required contributions to the liability waterfall, Nasdaq Clearing is also required to contribute capital to the liability waterfall and overall regulatory capital as specified under its clearinghouse rules. As of December 31, 2020, Nasdaq Clearing committed capital totaling $145 million to the liability waterfall and overall regulatory capital, in the form of government debt securities, which are recorded as financial investments in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The combined regulatory capital of the clearing members and Nasdaq Clearing is intended to secure the obligations of a clearing member exceeding such member’s own margin and default fund deposits and may be used to cover losses sustained by a clearing member in the event of a default.</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-style:italic;font-weight:700;line-height:120%">Margin Deposits</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">Nasdaq Clearing requires all clearing members to provide collateral, which may consist of cash and non-cash contributions, to guarantee performance on the clearing members’ open positions, or initial margin. In addition, clearing members must also provide collateral to cover the daily margin call if needed. See “Default Fund Contributions” above for further discussion of cash and non-cash contributions.</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">Similar to default fund contributions, Nasdaq Clearing maintains and manages all cash deposits related to margin collateral. All risks and rewards of collateral ownership, including interest, belong to Nasdaq Clearing and are recorded in revenues. These cash deposits are recorded in default funds and margin deposits in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as both a current asset and a current liability. Pledged margin collateral is not recorded in our Consolidated Balance Sheets as all risks and rewards of collateral ownership, including interest, belong to the counterparty. Assets pledged are held at a nominee account in Nasdaq Clearing’s name for the benefit of the clearing members and are immediately accessible by Nasdaq Clearing in the event of a default.</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">Nasdaq Clearing marks to market all outstanding contracts and requires payment from clearing members whose positions have lost value. The mark-to-market process helps identify any clearing members that may not be able to satisfy their financial obligations in a timely manner allowing Nasdaq Clearing the ability to mitigate the risk of a clearing member defaulting due to exceptionally large losses. In the event of a default, Nasdaq Clearing can access the defaulting member’s margin and default fund deposits to cover the defaulting member’s losses.</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:700;line-height:120%">Regulatory Capital and Risk Management Calculations</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">Nasdaq Clearing manages risk through a comprehensive counterparty risk management framework, which is </span></div></div><div style="display:inline-block;vertical-align:top;width:48.245%"><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">comprised of policies, procedures, standards and financial resources. The level of regulatory capital is determined in accordance with Nasdaq Clearing’s regulatory capital and default fund policy, as approved by the SFSA. Regulatory capital calculations are continuously updated through a proprietary capital-at-risk calculation model that establishes the appropriate level of capital.</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">As mentioned above, Nasdaq Clearing is the legal counterparty for each contract cleared and thereby guarantees the fulfillment of each contract. Nasdaq Clearing accounts for this guarantee as a performance guarantee. We determine the fair value of the performance guarantee by considering daily settlement of contracts and other margining and default fund requirements, the risk management program, historical evidence of default payments, and the estimated probability of potential default payouts. The calculation is determined using proprietary risk management software that simulates gains and losses based on historical market prices, extreme but plausible market scenarios, volatility and other factors present at that point in time for those particular unsettled contracts. Based on this analysis, excluding any liability related to the Nasdaq commodities clearing default (see discussion above), the estimated liability was nominal and no liability was recorded as of December 31, 2020.</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:700;line-height:120%">Power of Assessment </span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">To further strengthen the contingent financial resources of the clearinghouse, Nasdaq Clearing has power of assessment that provides the ability to collect additional funds from its clearing members to cover a defaulting member’s remaining obligations up to the limits established under the terms of the clearinghouse rules. The power of assessment corresponds to 230.0% of the clearing member’s aggregate contribution to the financial, commodities and seafood markets’ default funds.</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:700;line-height:120%">Liability Waterfall</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">The liability waterfall is the priority order in which the capital resources would be utilized in the event of a default where the defaulting clearing member’s collateral would not be sufficient to cover the cost to settle its portfolio. If a default occurs and the defaulting clearing member’s collateral, including cash deposits and pledged assets, is depleted, then capital is utilized in the following amount and order:</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;padding-left:18pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:-18pt"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">•</span><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%;padding-left:14.5pt">junior capital contributed by Nasdaq Clearing, which totaled $39 million as of December 31, 2020;</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;padding-left:18pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:-18pt"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">•</span><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%;padding-left:14.5pt">a loss sharing pool related only to the financial market that is contributed to by clearing members and only applies if the defaulting member’s portfolio includes interest rate swap products;</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;padding-left:18pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:-18pt"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">•</span><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%;padding-left:14.5pt">specific market default fund where the loss occurred (i.e., the financial, commodities, or seafood market), which includes capital contributions of the clearing members on a pro-rata basis;</span></div></div><div style="display:inline-block;max-width:3.508%;min-width:2.508%;vertical-align:top"/><div style="display:inline-block;vertical-align:top;width:48.247%"><div style="margin-top:6pt;padding-left:18pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:-18pt"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">•</span><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%;padding-left:14.5pt">senior capital contributed to each specific market by Nasdaq Clearing, calculated in accordance with clearinghouse rules, which totaled $24 million as of December 31, 2020; and</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;padding-left:18pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:-18pt"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">•</span><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%;padding-left:14.5pt">mutualized default fund, which includes capital contributions of the clearing members on a pro-rata basis.</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">If additional funds are needed after utilization of the liability waterfall, then Nasdaq Clearing will utilize its power of assessment and additional capital contributions will be required by non-defaulting members up to the limits established under the terms of the clearinghouse rules.</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">In addition to the capital held to withstand counterparty defaults described above, Nasdaq Clearing also has committed capital of $82 million to ensure that it can handle an orderly wind-down of its operation, and that it is adequately protected against investment, operational, legal, and business risks.</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:700;line-height:120%">Market Value of Derivative Contracts Outstanding </span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">The following table includes the market value of derivative contracts outstanding prior to netting:</span></div><div><table style="border-collapse:collapse;display:inline-table;vertical-align:top;width:100.000%"><tr><td style="width:1.0%"/><td style="width:69.506%"/><td style="width:0.1%"/><td style="width:1.0%"/><td style="width:28.294%"/><td style="width:0.1%"/></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="padding:2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:12pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%"> </span></td><td colspan="3" style="padding:2px 1pt;text-align:center;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:7pt;font-weight:700;line-height:100%">December 31, 2020</span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="padding:2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:12pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%"> </span></td><td colspan="3" style="border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:2px 1pt;text-align:center;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:7pt;font-weight:700;line-height:100%">(in millions)</span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><div style="padding-left:9pt;text-indent:-9pt"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">Commodity and seafood options, futures and forwards</span><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:6.5pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%;position:relative;top:-3.5pt;vertical-align:baseline">(1)(2)(3)</span></div></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">$</span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">122 </span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="padding:2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><div><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">Fixed-income options and futures</span><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:6.5pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%;position:relative;top:-3.5pt;vertical-align:baseline">(1)(2)</span></div></td><td colspan="2" style="padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">773 </span></td><td style="padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><div><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">Stock options and futures</span><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:6.5pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%;position:relative;top:-3.5pt;vertical-align:baseline">(1)(2)</span></div></td><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">175 </span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="padding:2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><div><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">Index options and futures</span><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:6.5pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%;position:relative;top:-3.5pt;vertical-align:baseline">(1)(2)</span></div></td><td colspan="2" style="padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">68 </span></td><td style="padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">Total</span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;border-bottom:3pt double #000000;border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">$</span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;border-bottom:3pt double #000000;border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">1,138 </span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;border-bottom:3pt double #000000;border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/></tr></table></div><div><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:8pt;font-weight:700;line-height:120%">____________</span></div><div style="padding-left:18pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:-18pt"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:6.5pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%;position:relative;top:-3.5pt;vertical-align:baseline">(1)</span><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%;padding-left:10.43pt">We determined the fair value of our option contracts using standard valuation models that were based on market-based observable inputs including implied volatility, interest rates and the spot price of the underlying instrument.</span></div><div style="padding-left:18pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:-18pt"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:6.5pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%;position:relative;top:-3.5pt;vertical-align:baseline">(2)</span><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%;padding-left:10.43pt">We determined the fair value of our futures contracts based upon quoted market prices and average quoted market yields.</span></div><div style="padding-left:18pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:-18pt"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:6.5pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%;position:relative;top:-3.5pt;vertical-align:baseline">(3)</span><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%;padding-left:10.43pt">We determined the fair value of our forward contracts using standard valuation models that were based on market-based observable inputs including LIBOR rates and the spot price of the underlying instrument.</span></div></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:700;line-height:120%">Derivative Contracts Cleared</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">The following table includes the total number of derivative contracts cleared through Nasdaq Clearing for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019:</span></div><div style="margin-bottom:6pt"><table style="border-collapse:collapse;display:inline-table;vertical-align:top;width:100.000%"><tr><td style="width:1.0%"/><td style="width:44.821%"/><td style="width:0.1%"/><td style="width:1.0%"/><td style="width:25.183%"/><td style="width:0.1%"/><td style="width:0.1%"/><td style="width:1.310%"/><td style="width:0.1%"/><td style="width:1.0%"/><td style="width:25.186%"/><td style="width:0.1%"/></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="padding:2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:12pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%"> </span></td><td colspan="3" style="padding:2px 1pt;text-align:center;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:7pt;font-weight:700;line-height:100%">December 31, 2020</span></td><td colspan="3" style="padding:0 1pt"/><td colspan="3" style="padding:2px 1pt;text-align:center;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:7pt;font-weight:700;line-height:100%">December 31, 2019</span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><div style="padding-left:9pt;text-indent:-9pt"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">Commodity and seafood options, futures and forwards</span><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:6.5pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%;position:relative;top:-3.5pt;vertical-align:baseline">(1)</span></div></td><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#cceeff;border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">672,219 </span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:0 1pt"/><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#cceeff;border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">542,557 </span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="padding:2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><div style="padding-left:9pt;text-indent:-9pt"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">Fixed-income options and futures</span></div></td><td colspan="2" style="padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">21,299,713 </span></td><td style="padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/><td colspan="3" style="padding:0 1pt"/><td colspan="2" style="padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">21,464,522 </span></td><td style="padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">Stock options and futures</span></td><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">19,757,733 </span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:0 1pt"/><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">23,777,980 </span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="padding:2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">Index options and futures</span></td><td colspan="2" style="padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">51,371,391 </span></td><td style="padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/><td colspan="3" style="padding:0 1pt"/><td colspan="2" style="padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">47,595,114 </span></td><td style="padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:2px 1pt;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">Total</span></td><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#cceeff;border-bottom:3pt double #000000;border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">93,101,056 </span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;border-bottom:3pt double #000000;border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#cceeff;padding:0 1pt"/><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#cceeff;border-bottom:3pt double #000000;border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:2px 0 2px 1pt;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%">93,380,173 </span></td><td style="background-color:#cceeff;border-bottom:3pt double #000000;border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding:2px 1pt 2px 0;text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom"/></tr></table></div><div style="margin-bottom:3pt"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:8pt;font-weight:700;line-height:120%">____________</span></div><div style="padding-left:18pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:-18pt"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:7pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">(1)    </span><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">The total volume in cleared power related to commodity contracts was 956 Terawatt hours (TWh) for the year ended December 31, 2020 and 842 TWh for the year ended December 31, 2019.</span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;text-align:justify"><span style="color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%">The outstanding contract value of resale and repurchase agreements was $0.3 billion as of December 31, 2020 and 2019. The total number of contracts cleared was 4,832,504 for the year ended December 31, 2020 and was 6,627,103 for the year ended December 31, 2019.</span></div>
CY2020 ndaq Number Of Member Sponsored Default Funds
NumberOfMemberSponsoredDefaultFunds
4 fund
CY2018Q3 ndaq Gain Loss Due To Commodities Market Default
GainLossDueToCommoditiesMarketDefault
-133000000 USD
CY2018Q3 ndaq Loss Due To Commodities Market Default Allocated To Junior Capital
LossDueToCommoditiesMarketDefaultAllocatedToJuniorCapital
8000000 USD
CY2018 ndaq Capital Relief Program Expense
CapitalReliefProgramExpense
23000000 USD
CY2020Q4 ndaq Capital Relief Program Expected Recovery Of Initial Loss
CapitalReliefProgramExpectedRecoveryOfInitialLoss
0.80
CY2020Q4 ndaq Default Fund Contributions
DefaultFundContributions
628000000 USD
CY2020Q4 ndaq Margin Deposits
MarginDeposits
8924000000 USD
CY2020Q4 ndaq Default Fund Contributions And Margin Deposits
DefaultFundContributionsAndMarginDeposits
9552000000 USD
CY2020Q4 ndaq Default Fund Contributions
DefaultFundContributions
628000000 USD
CY2020Q4 ndaq Liability Due To Market Default
LiabilityDueToMarketDefault
0 USD
CY2020Q4 ndaq Derivative Contracts Market Value
DerivativeContractsMarketValue
1138000000 USD
CY2020Q4 us-gaap Derivative Number Of Instruments Held
DerivativeNumberOfInstrumentsHeld
93101056 contract
CY2019Q4 us-gaap Derivative Number Of Instruments Held
DerivativeNumberOfInstrumentsHeld
93380173 contract
CY2020 ndaq Total Volume In Cleared Power
TotalVolumeInClearedPower
956 TWh
CY2019 ndaq Total Volume In Cleared Power
TotalVolumeInClearedPower
842 TWh
CY2020Q4 us-gaap Operating Lease Right Of Use Asset
OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset
381000000 USD
CY2019Q4 us-gaap Operating Lease Right Of Use Asset
OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset
346000000 USD
CY2020Q4 us-gaap Operating Lease Liability Current
OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent
46000000 USD
CY2019Q4 us-gaap Operating Lease Liability Current
OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent
61000000 USD
CY2020Q4 us-gaap Operating Lease Liability Noncurrent
OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent
389000000 USD
CY2019Q4 us-gaap Operating Lease Liability Noncurrent
OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent
331000000 USD
CY2020Q4 ndaq Lease Liability
LeaseLiability
435000000 USD
CY2019Q4 ndaq Lease Liability
LeaseLiability
392000000 USD
CY2020 us-gaap Operating Lease Cost
OperatingLeaseCost
85000000 USD
CY2019 us-gaap Operating Lease Cost
OperatingLeaseCost
79000000 USD
CY2020 us-gaap Variable Lease Cost
VariableLeaseCost
26000000 USD
CY2019 us-gaap Variable Lease Cost
VariableLeaseCost
23000000 USD
CY2020 us-gaap Sublease Income
SubleaseIncome
4000000 USD
CY2019 us-gaap Sublease Income
SubleaseIncome
5000000 USD
CY2020 us-gaap Lease Cost
LeaseCost
107000000 USD
CY2019 us-gaap Lease Cost
LeaseCost
97000000 USD
CY2018 us-gaap Operating Leases Rent Expense Net
OperatingLeasesRentExpenseNet
82000000 USD
CY2020Q4 us-gaap Lessee Operating Lease Liability Payments Due Next Twelve Months
LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths
62000000 USD
CY2020Q4 us-gaap Lessee Operating Lease Liability Payments Due Year Two
LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearTwo
56000000 USD
CY2020Q4 us-gaap Lessee Operating Lease Liability Payments Due Year Three
LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearThree
52000000 USD
CY2020Q4 us-gaap Lessee Operating Lease Liability Payments Due Year Four
LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFour
45000000 USD
CY2020Q4 us-gaap Lessee Operating Lease Liability Payments Due Year Five
LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFive
32000000 USD
CY2020Q4 us-gaap Lessee Operating Lease Liability Payments Due After Year Five
LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterYearFive
311000000 USD
CY2020Q4 us-gaap Lessee Operating Lease Liability Payments Due
LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue
558000000 USD
CY2020Q4 us-gaap Lessee Operating Lease Liability Undiscounted Excess Amount
LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount
123000000 USD
CY2020Q4 us-gaap Operating Lease Liability
OperatingLeaseLiability
435000000 USD
CY2020Q4 us-gaap Operating Lease Liability Current
OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent
46000000 USD
CY2020Q4 us-gaap Operating Lease Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term1
OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1
P11Y6M
CY2020Q4 us-gaap Operating Lease Weighted Average Discount Rate Percent
OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent
0.042
CY2020 us-gaap Operating Lease Payments
OperatingLeasePayments
77000000 USD
CY2019 us-gaap Operating Lease Payments
OperatingLeasePayments
78000000 USD
CY2020 us-gaap Right Of Use Asset Obtained In Exchange For Operating Lease Liability
RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability
100000000 USD
CY2019 us-gaap Right Of Use Asset Obtained In Exchange For Operating Lease Liability
RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability
26000000 USD
CY2019Q4 us-gaap Tax Cuts And Jobs Act Of2017 Measurement Period Adjustment Income Tax Expense Benefit
TaxCutsAndJobsActOf2017MeasurementPeriodAdjustmentIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit
290000000 USD
CY2020 us-gaap Income Loss From Continuing Operations Before Income Taxes Domestic
IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesDomestic
898000000 USD
CY2019 us-gaap Income Loss From Continuing Operations Before Income Taxes Domestic
IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesDomestic
691000000 USD
CY2018 us-gaap Income Loss From Continuing Operations Before Income Taxes Domestic
IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesDomestic
636000000 USD
CY2020 us-gaap Income Loss From Continuing Operations Before Income Taxes Foreign
IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesForeign
314000000 USD
CY2019 us-gaap Income Loss From Continuing Operations Before Income Taxes Foreign
IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesForeign
328000000 USD
CY2018 us-gaap Income Loss From Continuing Operations Before Income Taxes Foreign
IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesForeign
428000000 USD
CY2020 us-gaap Income Loss From Continuing Operations Before Income Taxes Extraordinary Items Noncontrolling Interest
IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest
1212000000 USD
CY2019 us-gaap Income Loss From Continuing Operations Before Income Taxes Extraordinary Items Noncontrolling Interest
IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest
1019000000 USD
CY2018 us-gaap Income Loss From Continuing Operations Before Income Taxes Extraordinary Items Noncontrolling Interest
IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest
1064000000 USD
CY2020 us-gaap Current Federal Tax Expense Benefit
CurrentFederalTaxExpenseBenefit
114000000 USD
CY2019 us-gaap Current Federal Tax Expense Benefit
CurrentFederalTaxExpenseBenefit
120000000 USD
CY2018 us-gaap Current Federal Tax Expense Benefit
CurrentFederalTaxExpenseBenefit
103000000 USD
CY2020 us-gaap Current State And Local Tax Expense Benefit
CurrentStateAndLocalTaxExpenseBenefit
50000000 USD
CY2019 us-gaap Current State And Local Tax Expense Benefit
CurrentStateAndLocalTaxExpenseBenefit
40000000 USD
CY2018 us-gaap Current State And Local Tax Expense Benefit
CurrentStateAndLocalTaxExpenseBenefit
56000000 USD
CY2020 us-gaap Current Foreign Tax Expense Benefit
CurrentForeignTaxExpenseBenefit
74000000 USD
CY2019 us-gaap Current Foreign Tax Expense Benefit
CurrentForeignTaxExpenseBenefit
50000000 USD
CY2018 us-gaap Current Foreign Tax Expense Benefit
CurrentForeignTaxExpenseBenefit
146000000 USD
CY2020 us-gaap Current Income Tax Expense Benefit
CurrentIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit
238000000 USD
CY2019 us-gaap Current Income Tax Expense Benefit
CurrentIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit
210000000 USD
CY2018 us-gaap Current Income Tax Expense Benefit
CurrentIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit
305000000 USD
CY2020 us-gaap Deferred Federal Income Tax Expense Benefit
DeferredFederalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit
37000000 USD
CY2019 us-gaap Deferred Federal Income Tax Expense Benefit
DeferredFederalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit
27000000 USD
CY2018 us-gaap Deferred Federal Income Tax Expense Benefit
DeferredFederalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit
185000000 USD
CY2020 us-gaap Deferred State And Local Income Tax Expense Benefit
DeferredStateAndLocalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit
6000000 USD
CY2019 us-gaap Deferred State And Local Income Tax Expense Benefit
DeferredStateAndLocalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit
7000000 USD
CY2018 us-gaap Deferred State And Local Income Tax Expense Benefit
DeferredStateAndLocalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit
116000000 USD
CY2020 us-gaap Deferred Foreign Income Tax Expense Benefit
DeferredForeignIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit
-2000000 USD
CY2019 us-gaap Deferred Foreign Income Tax Expense Benefit
DeferredForeignIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit
1000000 USD
CY2018 us-gaap Deferred Foreign Income Tax Expense Benefit
DeferredForeignIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit
0 USD
CY2020 us-gaap Deferred Income Tax Expense Benefit
DeferredIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit
41000000 USD
CY2019 us-gaap Deferred Income Tax Expense Benefit
DeferredIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit
35000000 USD
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