Financial Institutions Inc (NASDAQ: FISI) is a New York-based bank holding company that operates through its primary subsidiary, Five Star Bank, a New York-chartered community bank headquartered in Warsaw, NY. The company makes money through net interest income on loans and investment securities, funded primarily by customer deposits, and through noninterest income streams including service charges, card interchange, insurance income, investment advisory fees, and loan servicing. As of December 31, 2025, the consolidated company held $6.27 billion in total assets, $5.21 billion in deposits, and $628.9 million in shareholders' equity. Five Star Bank operated 48 full-service banking offices across 14 New York State counties, with commercial loan production offices in Baltimore, Maryland and Syracuse, New York. A second subsidiary, Courier Capital, contributed less than 1% of consolidated assets as of December 31, 2025. Loans comprised 80.3% of average interest-earning assets in FY2025, with an average loan yield of 6.24%. The average yield on total interest-earning assets was 5.87% in FY2025, 39 basis points higher than FY2024.

Revenue model

Net interest income from loans and investment securities funded by deposits is the primary revenue source. Average interest-earning assets were $5.68 billion in FY2025. Noninterest income includes service charges on deposits, card interchange, insurance income, investment advisory fees, loan servicing, and gains on loan sales.

Products and services

Deposit products including checking, NOW accounts, savings accounts, and certificates of deposit. Commercial mortgage loans, residential real estate loans and lines, consumer indirect loans, commercial business loans. Investment advisory services through Courier Capital. Insurance income, card interchange, and company-owned life insurance.

Customers and end markets

Retail and commercial customers across 14 New York State counties. Commercial borrowers served via loan production offices in Baltimore, Maryland and Syracuse, New York. Community-oriented customer base across physical branches, digital channels, and a customer contact center.

Value-chain role

Community bank and holding company. Accepts deposits as the principal funding source and deploys capital into loans and investment securities. Provides wealth management through Courier Capital and banking services through Five Star Bank.

Geographic exposure

Primary operations in western and central New York State, covering Allegany, Cattaraugus, Cayuga, Chemung, Erie, Genesee, Livingston, Monroe, Ontario, Orleans, Seneca, Steuben, Wyoming, and Yates counties. Commercial loan production in Baltimore, Maryland (Mid-Atlantic) and Syracuse, New York (Central New York), as of December 31, 2025.

Source: SEC 10-K, filed 2026-03-09

Industry: National Commercial Banks Peers: Citizens & Northern Corp ENTERPRISE BANCORP INC /MA/ FIRST OF LONG ISLAND CORP RBB Bancorp PNC Financial Services Group Inc Professional Holding Corp. SOUTHERN BANCSHARES NC INC Wilson Bank Holding Co